Difference between pages "Ruslan Aushev" and "Aleksandr Viktorenko"

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{{Other uses|Aushev (disambiguation)}}
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{{BLP sources|date=November 2014}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2013}}
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{{Infobox astronaut
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{{Infobox Officeholder
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| image = <!-- Only freely-licensed images may be used to depict living people. See [[WP:NONFREE]].  -->
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| name=Ruslan Sultanovich Aushev<br/>
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| name          =Aleksandr Stepanovich Viktorenko
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<small>Руслан Султанович Аушев
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| type          =Cosmonaut
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| image=Ruslan Aushev.jpg
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| nationality   =[[Soviet Union|Soviet]] / Russian
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| imagesize=138px
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| birth_date    ={{Birth date and age|1947|3|29}}
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| order=1st [[President of Ingushetia]]
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| birth_place  =[[Olginka]], [[Kazakh SSR]], [[Soviet Union]]
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| term_start    = 18 February 1993
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| occupation   =[[Test pilot|Test Pilot]]
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| term_end      = 28 April 2002
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| rank          =[[Colonel]], [[Russian Air Force]]
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| predecessor   = Position created
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| selection    =[[List of astronauts by selection#1978|1978 Intercosmos Group]]
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| successor    = [[Murat Zyazikov]]
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| time          =489d 01h 33m
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| birth_date    = {{Birth date and age|1954|10|29|df=yes}}
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| mission      =[[Mir EP-1]] ([[Soyuz TM-3]] / [[Soyuz TM-2]]), [[Soyuz TM-8]], [[Soyuz TM-14]], [[Soyuz TM-20]]
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| birth_place  = Volodarskoye village, [[North Kazakhstan Region|Kokchetav Region]], [[Kazakh SSR]], [[RSFSR]], [[USSR]]
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| insignia      =[[File:Soyuz_TM-3_mission_patch.svg|40px]] [[File:Soyuz TM-8 mission patch.svg|40px]] [[File:Soyuz TM-14 patch.png|40px]] [[File:Soyuz TM-20 patch.png|40px]]
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| death_date   =
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|}}
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| death_place  =
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'''Aleksandr Stepanovich Viktorenko''' (Александр Степанович Викторенко) is a Soviet cosmonaut. He was born in [[Olginka]], [[North Kazakhstan|North-Kazakhstan Oblast]], [[Kazakh SSR]] on March 29, 1947. He is married with two children.
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| profession    = [[Soldier]] and [[Politician]]
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| spouse        = Aza  Bamatgirovna Ausheva
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| children      = 4
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| party        = Non-Partisan
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| religion      = [[Sunni Islam]]  
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| vicepresident =  
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| rank=[[Lieutenant General]]
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| awards        = {{Hero of the Soviet Union}} {{Order of Lenin}}
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}}
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{{ Listen| filename= Ruslan Aushev voice.oga |title= Ruslan Aushev's voice |type= speech |description= recorded April 2013 }}
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'''Ruslan Sultanovich Aushev''' ([[Russian language|Russian]]: Русла́н Султа́нович А́ушев; born 29 October 1954 in [[Volodarskoye, Kazakhstan|Volodarskoye]], [[Kazakhstan]]) was the president of [[Ingushetia]] from March 1993 to December 2001. He was reportedly the youngest officer in the [[Soviet army]] to reach the rank of [[lieutenant general]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=M9iwFmvKTwcC&printsec=frontcover&dq=intitle:Dust+intitle:Empire&as_brr=0&sig=9cc8RYIAB9sYGzqTNrakcdJ_y5Y#PPA168,M1 Books.google.com]</ref> He received the [[Gold Star]] of the [[Hero of the Soviet Union]] on 7 May 1982. Aushev has emerged as [[Ingushetia]]'s most popular politician, having kept peace and stability during the Chechen war.
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== Early life ==
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He was selected as a cosmonaut on March 23, 1978, and retired on May 30, 1997. During his active career he had been Commander of [[Soyuz TM-3]], [[Soyuz TM-8]], [[Soyuz TM-14]] and [[Soyuz TM-20]]. He has spent a total of 489 days in space.<ref>http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/viktorenko_aleksandr.htm Spacefacts</ref>
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Aushev was born on 29 October 1954 to an [[Ingush people|Ingush]] family living in [[Kazakhstan]], who were deported from the [[Soviet Union]] in 1944. Very little is known about Aushev's early life.
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== Career ==
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==Honours and awards==
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After three years at the [[Frunze Military Academy]], Aushev returned to the [[Soviet war in Afghanistan]] in charge of a combat [[regiment]] where he was wounded on 16 October 1986. Later he ascended to the [[USSR Supreme Soviet|Soviet parliament]] where he remained for two years while serving on the Military Affairs Committee. In November 1992 Aushev was appointed to lead the provisional administration in Ingushetia, a position he resigned two months later to run in the [[Ingushetian presidential election, 1993|Ingushetian presidential elections]]. Being the sole candidate, he won the presidency on 28 February 1993 with 99.99% of the vote,<ref>[http://www.nupi.no/cgi-win/Russland/personer.exe?546 Persons - NUPI<!-- Bot generated title -->] NUPI</ref> and he was re-elected two years later.
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During the [[First Chechen War]] as many as 200,000 [[refugee]]s from [[Chechnya]] and neighboring [[North Ossetia]] strained Ingushetia's already weak economy and on several occasions, Aushev protested incursions by Russian soldiers, and even threatened to sue the Russian [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Ministry of Defence]] for damages inflicted. President Aushev said that his people could not forget how the same Russian armored columns "and the same Defense Minister" ([[Pavel Grachev]]) assisted in the destruction of Ingush settlements and the [[Population transfer|expulsion]] of Ingush population during the [[Ingush-Ossetian conflict|1992 ethnic conflict in North Ossetia]].<ref>[http://psi.ece.jhu.edu/~kaplan/IRUSS/ARCHIVE/2.94.html Archives] INFO RUSS</ref>
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He resigned in December 2001 and on 23 May 2002, [[Murat Zyazikov]] was elected president of Ingushetia under controversial circumstances. Since then the republic has become more violent.
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Then Aushev was elected to the [[Federation Council of Russia]], the [[upper house]] of the [[Federal Assembly (Russia)|Russian Parliament]] in December 1993, a position he resigned in April 2003. Aushev served as a [[negotiation|negotiator]] on the second day of the [[Beslan school hostage crisis]], convincing the hostage-takers to release 26 nursing women and their infants.
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On 30 September 2008, Aushev commented, in his interview to [[Echo of Moscow]] [[Radio in Russia|radio station]], on the [[War in Ingushetia|increasingly tense situation]] in Ingushetia, accusing the current authorities of excessive use of force in the republic, leading to the radicalization of the society and threatening to plunge Ingushetia into civil war. The opposition news website [[Ingushetia.org]] reported that the Ingush president Murat Zyazikov ordered the republic’s television and radio broadcasting center to block Echo of Moscow’s signal for the duration of Aushev’s appearance.<ref>[http://www.theotherrussia.org/2008/09/30/ingushetia-descending-into-civil-war-aushev/ Ingushetia Descending into Civil War — Aushev]. [[The Other Russia (coalition)|The Other Russia]] website. 30 September 2008.</ref>
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== Personal life ==
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Aushev is married to Aza Ausheva,<ref>[http://news.mail.ru/inregions/volgaregion/16/politics/17357501/?frommail=1 Ильсур Метшин награждён памятной медалью «25 лет вывода войск из Афганистана»]</ref> and has two sons, Ali and Umar, and two daughters, Leila and Lema. Ruslan also had a brother who is unidentified (classified).
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== Honours and awards ==
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* [[Hero of the Soviet Union]]
 
* [[Hero of the Soviet Union]]
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* Two [[Order of the Red Star|Orders of the Red Star]]
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* [[Order of Merit for the Fatherland]], 3rd class (10 April 1995) - for their courage and heroism displayed during prolonged space flight on the orbital scientific research complex ''Mir''
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* [[Order for Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR]] 3rd class
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* [[Order of Friendship of Peoples]] (11 August 1992) - for the successful implementation of long-duration space flight on the orbital station ''Mir'' and displaying courage and heroism
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* [[Medal "For Distinction in Military Service"]] 1st class
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* [[Order of Lenin]]
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* [[Jubilee Medal "60 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"]]
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* [[Order of the October Revolution]] (19 February 1990) - for the successful implementation of spaceflight on the orbital scientific research complex ''Mir'' and displaying courage and heroism
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* [[Jubilee Medal "70 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"]]
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* [[Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration"]] (12 April 2011) - for the great achievements in the field of research, development and use of outer space, many years of diligent work, public activities
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* [[Medal "For Impeccable Service"|Medals "For Impeccable Service"]] 2nd and 3rd classes
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* Commander of the [[Legion of Honour]] (March 1999), previously an officer  (1988)
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* [[Pilot-cosmonaut of the Soviet Union]]
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==See also==
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{{Portal|Russia|Biography|Politics}}
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* [[War Veterans Committee]]
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* [[Warriors-Internationalists Affairs Committee]]
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==References==
 
==References==
 
{{Reflist}}
 
{{Reflist}}
  
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==External links==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Viktorenko, Aleksandr}}
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{{commons category|Ruslan Aushev}}
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[[Category:1947 births]]
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*{{ru icon}} [http://aushev.ru The first president of Ingushetia Ruslan Aushev's website].
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*{{ru icon}} [http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=1989 Biography]
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*[http://www.rferl.org/specials/russianelection/bio/aushev.asp Ruslan Aushev: Russia's Champion At Getting Out The Vote by Laura Belin], [[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]].
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*[http://www.online-translator.com/url/tran_url.asp?lang=en&direction=re&autotranslate=on&transliterate=on&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.grankin.ru%2Fdosye%2Fru_bio79.htm Computer translation] of the Aushev's bio at grankin.ru.
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* ''[http://www.sho.com/site/threedaysinseptember/home.do Three Days in September]'' (2006). Directed by [[Joe Halderman]], narrated by [[Julia Roberts]]. [http://imdb.com/title/tt0800238/fullcredits Full Credits]
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{{Authority control}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Aushev, Ruslan}}
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[[Category:1954 births]]
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[[Category:Living people]]
 
[[Category:Living people]]
 
[[Category:People from North Kazakhstan Region]]
 
[[Category:People from North Kazakhstan Region]]
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[[Category:Ingush people]]
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[[Category:Kazakhstani Soviet cosmonauts]]
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[[Category:Heads of Ingushetia]]
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[[Category:Russian cosmonauts]]
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[[Category:Russian lieutenant generals]]
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[[Category:Russian politicians]]
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[[Category:Soviet lieutenant generals]]
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[[Category:Soviet military personnel of the Soviet–Afghan War]]
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[[Category:Moscow theater hostage crisis]]
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[[Category:Beslan school siege]]
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[[Category:Heroes of the Soviet Union]]
 
[[Category:Heroes of the Soviet Union]]
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[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Red Star]]
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[[Category:Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 3rd class]]
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[[Category:Recipients of the Order for Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR, 3rd class]]
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[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Friendship of Peoples]]
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[[Category:Recipients of the Dostlug Order]]
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[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Lenin]]
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[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the October Revolution]]
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[[Category:Commandeurs of the Légion d'honneur]]
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[[Category:Recipients of the Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration"]]
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[[Category:Soviet cosmonauts]]

Revision as of 01:04, 6 March 2017

Template:BLP sources Template:Infobox astronaut Aleksandr Stepanovich Viktorenko (Александр Степанович Викторенко) is a Soviet cosmonaut. He was born in Olginka, North-Kazakhstan Oblast, Kazakh SSR on March 29, 1947. He is married with two children.

He was selected as a cosmonaut on March 23, 1978, and retired on May 30, 1997. During his active career he had been Commander of Soyuz TM-3, Soyuz TM-8, Soyuz TM-14 and Soyuz TM-20. He has spent a total of 489 days in space.<ref>http://www.spacefacts.de/bios/cosmonauts/english/viktorenko_aleksandr.htm Spacefacts</ref>

Honours and awards

References

Template:Reflist

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